For Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder, which condition remains intact?

In Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder, the key feature is the experience of feeling detached from oneself (depersonalization) or feeling as if one's surroundings are not real (derealization). Among the various cognitive functions, reality testing is notably preserved. This means that while individuals experiencing these dissociative symptoms may feel disconnected or detached, they are generally aware that their experiences are not a reflection of reality; they understand that the sensations they are experiencing are not typical and can recognize what is happening around them.

Preservation of reality testing is essential because it differentiates this disorder from other conditions that may involve a loss of touch with reality, such as psychotic disorders. This intact reality awareness can help individuals distinguish between their subjective experiences and the external world, maintaining a degree of cognitive clarity despite their dissociative experiences. In contrast, emotional responsiveness, memory recall, and judgment abilities may be affected in varying degrees, leading to difficulties in emotional expression or decision-making during episodes.